American physician Benjamin Rush, a signer of the United States Declaration of Independence and early abolitionist, is often said to have used the term negritude to imagine a rhetorical "disease" which he said was a mild form of leprosy, the only cure of which was to become white.[16] But this attribution has been disputed as a misreading of secondary sources.[6] If there was such use, it might not have been known by the Afro-Francophones who developed the philosophy of Négritude during the 20th century. Still, Léopold Sédar Senghor did claim that he and Aimé Césaire were aware of discourse surrounding race and revolution from the USA.[6]
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L. S. Senghor of Senegal stands out among the statesmen of Africa, not only for his literary achievements and his political acumen, but also for having made a major contribution toward the emergent doctrine of African Socialism. Senghor's reflections on African Socialism are based on his emotional and intellectual commitment to African values and realities, which he expressed in his philosophy of negritude. Nevertheless, as a philosophy, negritude has been found to be riddled with inconsistencies and contradictions. In the first place, the whole idea of negritude in Senghor's thought can be considered as a show of inferiority complex cloaked as counter-attack; second, negritude is nothing but a form of anti-racist racialism; third, his claims of African Socialism have been unduly exaggerated; fourth, it romanticizes the past of Africa and last but not least, men have been held spellbound by it, hoping for a past which they cannot return to. It is, therefore, the appeal of this paper that Africans need to move beyond the pain of colonialism, expectance of sympathy from the international community and pulls itself up to compete in the league of continents by drawing from its stable and rich precolonial past and merging it with its dynamic unstable 21st-century inhabitants. It is only in doing this that it would be able to fully harness its potentials and grow exponentially. 2ff7e9595c
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